Vernal Conjunctivitis

Vernal conjunctivitis is a chronic allergic eye condition that commonly affects children. It causes recurrent episodes of eye itching, redness and discomfort and can significantly affect a child’s school activities, outdoor play and quality of life.

Severe itching is the most characteristic symptom. Children may also experience redness, watering, burning, sensitivity to light and a sensation of something being present in the eye. They may frequently rub their eyes. Vernal conjunctivitis is related to an allergic and inflammatory reaction of the eye. Symptoms often become worse during certain seasons, particularly in hot weather like summer season, although some children may have symptoms throughout the year.

Dust, pollen, environmental allergens and other irritants may aggravate the condition.

The treatment depends on the severity of the disease. Lubricating eye drops, cold compresses and avoidance of known triggers may provide relief in mild cases. Anti-allergic and lubricating eye drops may be prescribed by an ophthalmologist.

In more severe disease, steroid eyedrops may be required. It should be noted that steroid eyedrops should not be used without an ophthalmologist’s advice, as inappropriate or prolonged use can cause complications such as raised eye pressure, cataract or infections.

Children should be counselled about not to vigorously rub their eyes as severe rubbing can lead to corneal problems like keratoconus in future. Applying cold compress helps significantly in reducing the itching of eyes.

Keeping the surroundings clean, proper hygiene, avoiding rubbing of eyes and use of protective glasses help in preventing the recurrences of the disease in most of the cases.